通过css3背景控制属性+使用颜色过渡实现渐变效果
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2024/11/6 浏览：3 次 )
css3背景图像相关
兼容性：IE9+
background-clip 背景图片绘制区域
background-clip:border-box; 内容区
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:url(source/p3.jpg) center;
padding:50px;
border:50px solid transparent;
background-clip:content-box;
/*background-clip:padding-box;*/
/*background-clip:border-box;*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
background-clip:padding-box; padding区域
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:url(source/p3.jpg) center;
padding:50px;
border:50px solid transparent;
background-clip:padding-box;
/*background-clip:border-box;*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
background-clip:border-box; border区域
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:url(source/p3.jpg) 50px 50px no-repeat;
padding:50px;
border:50px solid transparent;
background-origin:border-box;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
background-origin: content-box | padding-box | border-box; 背景图片起始位置
背景图片从border-box开始水平垂直向下偏移50px
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:url(source/p3.jpg) 50px 50px no-repeat;
padding:50px;
border:50px solid transparent;
background-origin:padding-box;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
背景图片从padding-box开始水平垂直向下偏移50px
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:url(source/p3.jpg) 50px 50px no-repeat;
padding:50px;
border:50px solid transparent;
background-origin:content-box;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
背景图片从content-box开始水平垂直向下偏移50px
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:url(source/p2.jpg) 50px 50px no-repeat;
background-size:100%;/*宽度为容器宽度的100%，高度按图片比例来*/
background-size:100% 100%;/*宽度为容器宽度的100%，高度为容器高度的100%*/
background-size:cover;
background-size:contain;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
background-size: 填写数值或者百分比时，如果只填写一个值，另一个值默认为auto
cover 等比缩放填满容器
contain 等比缩放至一边碰到容器边
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:url(source/p2.jpg) 50px 50px no-repeat;
background-size:100%;/*宽度为容器宽度的100%，高度按图片比例来*/
background-size:100% 100%;/*宽度为容器宽度的100%，高度为容器高度的100%*/
background-size:cover;
background-size:contain;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
多重背景图片
background-image:url(),url();
前面的图片会覆盖后面的图片
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background-image:url(source/shuiyin.png), url(source/cat.jpg);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
颜色设置为透明：transparent
css3渐变
兼容性：IE10
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(pink, orange, #abcdef);/*默认是垂直方向*/
background: -moz-linear-gradient(pink, orange, #abcdef);/*默认是垂直方向*/
background: -o-linear-gradient(pink, orange, #abcdef);/*默认是垂直方向*/
background: linear-gradient(pink, orange, #abcdef);/*默认是垂直方向*/
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left, pink, orange, #abcdef);/*从左到右*/
background: -moz-linear-gradient(right, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background: -o-linear-gradient(right, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background: linear-gradient(to right, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(left top, pink, orange, #abcdef);/*从左上到右下*/
background: -moz-linear-gradient(right bottom, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background: -o-linear-gradient(right bottom, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background: linear-gradient(to right bottom, pink, orange, #abcdef);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
正常情况下线性渐变的角度
webkit内核下线性渐变的角度
解决方法：兼容浏览器的前缀按顺序书写，正常情况下无前缀的放在最后
颜色可以具体分配位置
第一个颜色不写默认是0%的位置；最后一个颜色默认是100%的位置
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, pink, orange, #abcdef);/*具体角度表示*/
background: -moz-linear-gradient(45deg, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background: -o-linear-gradient(45deg, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background: linear-gradient(45deg, pink, orange, #abcdef);
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, orange, pink 30%, purple 70%, #abcdef);
background: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, orange, pink 30%, purple 70%, #abcdef);
background: -o-linear-gradient(90deg, orange, pink 30%, purple 70%, #abcdef);
background: linear-gradient(90deg, orange, pink 30%, purple 70%, #abcdef);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
rgba() 可以设置带透明色的渐变
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:-webkit-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1));/*具体角度表示*/
background: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1));
background: -o-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1));
background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1));
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
重复渐变
repeating-linear-gradient
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 500px;
height: 500px;
background:-webkit-repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1) 20%);
background: -moz-repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1) 20%);
background: -o-repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1) 20%);
background: repeating-linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255,0,0,0), rgba(255,0,0,1) 20%);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
径向渐变 radial-gradient
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 400px;
height: 200px;
border-radius:50%;
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(pink, #abcdef);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
保持圆形渐变
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 400px;
height: 200px;
border-radius:50%;
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
尺寸大小 closest-side closest-corner farthest-side farthest-corner
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
border-radius:50%;
margin-bottom:50px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
/* background:-webkit-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);*/
}
div:nth-child(1){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
div:nth-child(2){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
div:nth-child(3){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
div:nth-child(4){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>closest-side</div>
<div>closest-corner</div>
<div>farthest-side</div>
<div>farthest-corner</div>
</body>
</html>
设置渐变的圆心位置
水平方向为宽度的10%，垂直方向为高度的20%
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
margin-bottom:50px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
/* background:-webkit-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef);*/
}
div:nth-child(1){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
div:nth-child(2){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(10% 20%, closest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
div:nth-child(3){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-side circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
div:nth-child(4){
background:-webkit-radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -moz-radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: -o-radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
background: radial-gradient(10% 20%, farthest-corner circle, pink, #abcdef);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>closest-side</div>
<div>closest-corner</div>
<div>farthest-side</div>
<div>farthest-corner</div>
</body>
</html>
repeating-radial-gradient 重复径向渐变
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
margin-bottom:50px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
background:-webkit-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
background: -moz-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
background: -o-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
background: repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
IE浏览器渐变
IE10+ 支持gradient 渐变
IE6-8 使用filter
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
margin-bottom:50px;
line-height: 100px;
text-align: center;
background:-webkit-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
background: -moz-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
background: -o-repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
background: repeating-radial-gradient(circle, pink, #abcdef 20%);
filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startcolorstr=pink,endcolorstr=#abcdef,gradientType=1);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
使用IE控制台可切换IE浏览器版本
IE filter
0 从左到右线性渐变
1 从上到下线性渐变
实际案例：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" manifest="index.manifest">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Document</title>
<style>
div{
width: 600px;
height: 300px;
background-color:#abcdef;
background-size:100px 100px;
background-image:-webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
-webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
-webkit-linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%),
-webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%);
background-image:-moz-linear-gradient(45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
-moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
-moz-linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%),
-moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%);
background-image:-o-linear-gradient(45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
-o-linear-gradient(-45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
-o-linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%),
-o-linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%);
background-image:linear-gradient(45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
linear-gradient(-45deg, pink 25%, transparent 25%),
linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%),
linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 75%, pink 75%);
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
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